The emergence of Arab nationalism and pan-Arabism resulted in the invention of the name Arabian Gulf.. The arid surrounding did not support many economic activities. Bubiyan belongs to Kuwait. One of the more unusual marine mammals living in the Persian Gulf is the dugong (Dugong dugon). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Bubiyan Island, located in the gulf northwestern corner, is the second-largest island, covering 863 km2. The arrow-shaped island is located in the Strait of Hormuz, close to the south coast of Iran. Overall, the waters are very shallow, with a maximum depth of 90 metres (295 feet) and an average depth of 50 metres (164 feet). a gulf northwest of the Indian Ocean, lying between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Huwaisat Island Mashaab Island Paradise Island Muslimyah Island Qumairi Island Jana Island Grid Island Crane Island Couscous island Al Bayna Island Abu Ali Island Darien Island United Arab Emirates [ edit] Daiyina Das Dalma Arzanah Al Qaffy Sir Abu Nu'ayr Zirku Island References [ edit] Dayyer, Bushehr Province, Iran. An extension of the Indian Ocean ( Gulf of Oman) through the Strait of Hormuz, it lies between Iran to the northeast and the Arabian Peninsula to the southwest. Dugong mother and her offspring in shallow water, Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins off the southern shore of Iran, around Hengam Island, Spinner dolphins leaping in the Persian gulf, Critically endangered Arabian humpback whales (being the most isolated, and the only resident population in the world) off Dhofar, Oman. The capture of Baghdad by the Ottoman Empire in 1534 gave Turkey access to the Indian Ocean via the port of Basra at the head of the Persian Gulf. Max Depth - 1025 m. Major Ports - Baku, Aktau, Atyrau. This map names Red Sea "Sinus Arabicus", The Ottoman Cedid Atlas of 1803 calling it the Gulf of Basra, Gerard Mercator's map of 1595 showing Persian Gulf terminology (, Map by Abraham Ortelius, dated 1580 using the term "Persicus" (, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism, United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names, Learn how and when to remove this template message. The UK still maintains a profile in the region. Corrections? + Follow. by when it was given that . Map. This page shows the sunrise and sunset times in Persian Gulf (also known as the Arabian Gulf), including beautiful sunrise or sunset photos, local current time, timezone, longitude, latitude and live map. The gulf is primarily known as a very rich source of oil, which is being very effectively exploited by Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. a gulf northwest of the Indian Ocean, lying between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. It's made up of many small islands and is a popular place to swim because of its clear water and large IMO fish. Thus, the gulfs salinity ranges from 37 to 41 parts/1000. The territories covered are specified as Muscat, Trucial Oman, El-Katr, Bahrein, Hasa, Koweit, Irak, South Arabistan, Persian Coast and Islands, and Persian Makran. For other uses, see, "Gulf Region" redirects here. In World War II, the Western Allies used Iran as a conduit to transport military and industrial supply to the USSR, through a pathway known historically as the "Persian Corridor". Another study revealed the following numbers for water exchanges for the Persian Gulf: evaporation = 1.84m (6.0ft)/year, precipitation = 0.08m (0.26ft)/year, inflow from the Strait = 33.66m (110.4ft)/year, outflow from the Strait = -32.11m (105.3ft)/year, and the balance is 0m (0ft)/year. Latitude and longitude coordinates are: 26.076521, 52.624512. It is highly commercialized, with large fishing industries set up in countries like Bahrain, Kuwait, and Qatar. [87] The result has been a dwindling population of the coral, and as a result a decrease in number of species that rely on the corals for their survival. The Persian Gulf is an arm of the Arabian Sea between the mountainous coast of southwestern Iran and the rather flat coast of Arabian Peninsula. Some parties use terms like "The Gulf" or the "Arabo-Persian Gulf". [58] Similarly, the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation was founded in 2016 for the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names discussed the naming issue during its 23rd session, held in Vienna from 28 March to 4 April 2006. [31][32], Following the fall of Achaemenid Empire, and after the fall of the Parthian Empire, the Sassanid Empire ruled the northern half and at times the southern half of the Persian Gulf. Jan Jansson's map, 17th century (MARE ELCATIF, formerly SINUS PERSICUS). ", A planned second Islamic Solidarity Games in Iran, originally scheduled to take place in October 2009, and later rescheduled for April 2010, was canceled when the Arab World and Iran could not agree over the use of the term "Persian Gulf" in logos and medals for the Games. Aside from direct damage to the coral, the construction waste creates "traps" for marine life in which they are trapped and die. According to authors Philip L. Kohl, Mara Kozelsky, and Nachman Ben-Yehuda in their work Selective Remembrances, Sir Charles Belgrave (British adviser to the ruler of Bahrain) was "the first westerner to use and advocate the name 'Arabian gulf', first in the journal Soat al-Bahrain (Voice of Bahrain) in 1955. The city has a population of about 4.1 million people. Many of the most notable historical instances of piracy were perpetrated by the Al Qasimi tribe. The island is low and flat and mostly covered by salt marshes, making it uninhabitable. Persian Gulf news Visit RT to read news on the Persian Gulf (also known as the Arabian Gulf). During the seventh century, the Sassanid Empire conquered the whole Persian Gulf region. Khalkhali in his May 1979 visit to the UAE suggested the term "Muslim Gulf". [79], Real estate development in the Persian Gulf by the United Arab Emirates and Oman also raised concerns that habitats of species such as the hawksbill turtle, greater flamingo, and booted warbler may be destroyed. There are several islands on the Persian Gulf with some being disputed among the Persian Gulf states. It is also called as world's largest lake as it is totally landlocked and fits the definition of lake. Before Iran discovered oil in the Persian Gulf, the gulf was mainly important for fishing, dhow building, pearling, sailcloth making, and date growing. A shallow sea of the Indian Ocean, the Persian Gulf separates the Arabian Peninsula from Iran in southwestern Asia. The coastal plain widens north of Bshehr (Bushire), Iran, and passes into the broad deltaic plain of the Tigris and Euphrates and Krn rivers. Bahrain, a small archipelago in the Persian Gulf, has grown substantially in recent decades. Other popular cities along the Persian Gulf are Al-Faw (Iraq), Bandar Abbas (Iran), Khobar (Saudi Arabia), and Doha (Qatar). Although Iraq has the shortest coastline, it is the most populous Persian Gulf State, with about 41.2 million people. [18] The originator of the term Islamic Gulf is not known, while some people suggest that prominent figures of the early years of the Islamic republic including Ruhollah Khomeini, Mehdi Bazargan, and Sadegh Khalkhali may have supported the idea. logistics manager vs logistics director. The Arab countries and Iran have been engaged in disputes from time immemorial. List of GCC countries, Gulf countries, [19] Iranian Viewpoints [ edit] Mike Wallace interviews Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, in 1974 at CBS 60 Minutes. With sea levels rising, seawater (once again) flooded into the Gulf (also known as the Persian Gulf or Arabia Gulf), whose sea floor was exposed for millennia and covered in sand dunes (except for lakes and the Tigris-Euphrates river meandering across it . Since Iran is also called Persia, rival Arab states would rather call the gulf by alternative names. Bahrain, with a population of about 1.7 million people, is the only country located entirely in the gulf. Various small islands also lie within the Persian Gulf, some of which are the subject of territorial disputes between the states in the region. Iran was originally known as Persia and that is where the gulf derived its name from. The body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. However, the Persian Gulf is not as biologically diverse as the Red Sea. Some of the Islands in the Persian Gulf are Qeshm Island, Kish, Abu Musa, Hormuz Island, Kharg Island, Hengam Island . Occasional ancient battles took place along the Persian Gulf coastlines, between the Sassanid Persian empire and the Lakhmid Kingdom, the most prominent of which was the invasion led by Shapur II against the Lakhmids, leading to Lakhmids' defeat, and advancement into Arabia, along the southern shore lines. Two types of mediterranean seas exist: concentration basin and dilution basin. With few environmental watchdogs in the region, there are concerns over the misuse of the gulf and the developments around. There is great variation in color, size, and type of the bird species that call the Persian gulf home. Find out how deep your knowledge of oceans and seas goes with this quiz. Persian Gulf Persian Gulf, arm of the Arabian Sea, 90,000 sq mi (233,100 sq km), between the Arabian peninsula and Iran, extending c.600 mi (970 km) from the Shatt al Arab delta to the Strait of Hormuz, which links it with the Gulf of Oman. Under the Achaemenid dynasty, the ancient Persians in the Persis region became strong rulers and extended their reign as far as Eastern Europe and Indus Valley. nieodm. Compared to the Red Sea, the coral reefs in the Persian Gulf are relatively few and far between. After the fall of the Parthian Empire, the Sassanid Empire ruled the northern half and at times the southern half of the Persian Gulf. It has a coastline length of about 5,117 km, with Iran having the longest coastline (1,536 km). Documents on the Persian Gulf's name the eternal heritage ancient time. The wind affects local currents and sometimes reverses them. The Lakhum tribe migrated to the north coast and established the Lakhmid Kingdom. The Gulf measures 1000 km long by 200-300 km wide and its average depth is ca. For most of the early history of the settlements in the Persian Gulf, the southern shores were ruled by a series of nomadic tribes. Since the 1960's there has been a row about the naming of this gulf between theArabs and the Persians. Besides global factors, activities in and around the Persian Gulf have endangered its wildlife. This limit is defined as "A line joining Rs Limah (2557'N) on the coast of Arabia and Rs al Kuh (2548'N) on the coast of Iran (Persia)".[4]. It connects with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea through the Strait of Hormuz, which is 30 to 60 miles (48 to 96 kilometers) wide. The Persian Gulf is located in Western Asia between Iran to the northeast and the Arabian Peninsula to the southwest. dream catcher pictures for wall. However, control of the oil and gas reserves has led to conflicts between the surrounding nations. The causeway connecting Saudi Arabia and Bahrain (an archipelago) which is one of the largest islands in Arabian Gulf (along with . [18] The idea was quickly abandoned after Iran was invaded by its predominantly Muslim neighbor, Iraq. Physical Geography The shallow basin that now underlies the Persian Gulf was an extensive region of river valley and wetlands during the transition between the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and the start of the Holocene, which, according to University of Birmingham archaeologist Jeffrey Rose, served as an environmental refuge for early humans during periodic hyperarid climate oscillations, laying the foundations for the legend of Dilmun. [38] With the support of the British fleet, in 1622 'Abbs took the island of Hormuz from the Portuguese; much of the trade was diverted to the town of Bandar 'Abbs, which he had taken from the Portuguese in 1615 and had named after himself. In oceanography, a mediterranean sea (not to be confused with the Mediterranean Sea) is a sea that is almost enclosed by land and has limited water exchange with the Global Ocean. Saddam Hussein's regime genocided an entire race of 500,000 people known as the "Marsh Arabs" after the Persian Gulf War by literally destroying the environment that their entire civilation was built upon, building 32 dams to turn their homes and farms . The Arabian Gulf (also known as Persian Gulf and ROPME Sea) represents an extremely important economic, political and strategic aquatic resource. fabric presents sherelle. This coincided with the early mapmaking efforts of Gerard Mercator, whose 1541 terrestrial globe attempts to give the most up-to-date information, naming the gulf Sinus Persicus, nunc Mare de Balsera ("Persian Gulf, now Sea of Basra"). The low freshwater inflow and high temperatures result in a high freshwater evaporation rate. Due to oil spills and industrialization of the Persian Gulf much of its ecology has been . The gulf is approximately 1000 km long and 200 to 300 km wide, with an area of about 250,000 km. The Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf contain treasures that showcase human genius as well as natural gems. In Iran, this is called "Arvand Rood", where "Rood" means "river". The Persian Gulf is also home to many migratory and local birds. [8] This difference is supplied by currents at the Strait of Hormuz. The Persian Gulf has many fishing grounds, extensive reefs (mostly rocky, but also coral), and abundant pearl oysters, but its ecology has been damaged by industrialization and oil spills. Don't miss the latest updates on Persian Gulf news, including official events, meetings of world leaders, and more. Other significant islands in the Persian Gulf include Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Kish administered by Iran, Bubiyan administered by Kuwait, Tarout administered by Saudi Arabia, and Dalma administered by UAE. https://www.britannica.com/place/Persian-Gulf, Iran Chamber Society - History of Persian Gulf, Persian Gulf - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Persian Gulf - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Firstly, Arab leaders argued that the term the Persian Gulf is simply outdated as the ancient Iranian empires which long ago dominated the entire Gulf region, but no more. From among the writings of others in the same period, there is the inscription and engraving of Darius the Great, installed at junction of waters of Red Sea and the Nile river and the Rome river (current Mediterranean) which belongs to the fifth century BC where Darius the Great has named the Persian Gulf Water Channel: "Pars Sea" ("Persian Sea"). grammar. 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