how to get root directory in android

YourProjec/app Directory and then finally sync again . This answer is actively harmful and does not deserve the votes it get. Your post is unrelated to this project. Scrolls by provided amount based on a provided origin. Document that timer nanosecond values are unsigned. On return, points to the number of frames in the call stack. After that I wanted to use that quickstart project for developing my project and got same error as you do. Work on bypassing the defenses and answer the following questions: An approach similar to that for application-source integrity checks applies. Add timer information struct and query functions. Encrypting the data stored in the device with the key material which is strongly bound to the device can strengthen the device binding. How do I get the filename without the extension from a path in Python? Clarify RelinquishCapabilities. it may appear to be a negative number. I don't use any Android device and test everything on emulator(AVD). The frida-server process binds to TCP port 27042 by default. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. But now according to the android latest guideline, you could not direct access getExternalStorageDirectory(). Then run second command which will run packager and build app bundle for you. Add clarifications about the impact of redefinition on GetConstantPool. If this object is an array, the length of the array. during the primordial, start or live The pair of quote marks is not included in the option. After device A has been determined trustworthy, it may have more privileges than device B. Clarifications for retransformation, per review. Use depth instead of jframeID to reference frames. I use this code and It works for me for all folder and all androids, you should add the check for SDK inside the filePathHelper. False if method exited through its return instruction. Not the answer you're looking for? Elide GetRawMonitorName. An inf-sup estimate for holomorphic functions. via frida-trace or the Frida REPL), Frida injects a frida-agent into the memory of the app. only be called during the live I have taken from another source though, but couldn't able to remember it. Convert GetRawMonitorName to allocated buffer. The iterator function to be called for each You're the best! Make capabilities buffered out to 64 bits - and do it automatically. Have you tried this with the new google photos app? the, The object tag value, or zero if the object is not tagged. Note: This is used to run Android Studio(and other Java-based applications). Corresponds to the stack depth used in the. Next lets do a bit of modification of the permissions of su binary. Therefore it is better to encrypt the ANDROID_ID with a randomly generated key from the AndroidKeyStore using AES_GCM encryption. To make sure that the identifiers can be used, check AndroidManifest.xml for usage of the IMEI and Build.Serial. That may seem odd, but that's what will bring it up. Thread is waiting with a maximum time to wait specified. bundletool build-bundle --modules=base.zip- A direct superclass is different for a retransformed class file, Restrict RedefineClasses to methods and attributes. WebPlugin directory Demo video Product docs. Build your app bundle using bundletool. Install the su binary again. These searches include checking for busybox and attempting to open the su binary at different locations: Checking whether su is on the PATH also works: File checks can be easily implemented in both Java and native code. A dialog will popup, the last option will be 'Dev Settings'. Check the BUILD tag as follows: Missing Google Over-The-Air (OTA) certificates is another sign of a custom ROM: on stock Android builds, OTA updates Google's public certificates. On return, points to the CPU time used by this thread By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. At this point, if you get a normal root shell, you can do. Indicates the objects for which the callback function is called. Length of current class file data buffer. In contrast to GNU ld, which resolves symbol addresses only after they are needed for the first time (lazy binding), the Android linker resolves all external functions and writes the respective GOT entries immediately after a library is loaded (immediate binding). As mentioned in the "Reverse Engineering and Tampering" chapter, we have to deal with two debugging protocols on Android: we can debug on the Java level with JDWP or on the native layer via a ptrace-based debugger. select get started and go to settings logo and then project settings after that you will see below the platform like web,android,ios . If you're performing a black box resilience assessment, disabling the root detection mechanisms is your first step. Install the application on another emulator. On return, points to the method for the current location. SetEventNotificationMode, add: error attempted inappropriate The value should be the full absolute path of your JDK. How to enable arm native bridge in android emulator? The result of Uri::getPath will start with "/", and the result of Uri::toString() will start with "file://" on my machine. Rename GetClassName back to GetClassSignature and Add the extension mechanism category and functions. Stack Overflow for Teams is moving to its own domain! Clarify DisposeEnvironment; add warning. For AVD with 5.1.1 and 6.0 I used next script in windows: Need UPDATE.zip from SuperSU. I didn't want to shame you or something, just wanted to use the correct word :). On return, points to the number of entries Z4root can't work because it needs rebooting to make the root access working.Sorry for bad english, I'm french. Commonly protected files include. this class. The simplest approach to get the path from URI. If you want to get another files than you can use with MediaStore.FileColumns I am showing the process ! Android apps can implement some of those obfuscation techniques using different tooling. In array and string primitive callbacks, value now "const". This index is the. Now I get an error stating that "android_sdk_root is undefined". One way to do this is to check the BUILD tag for test-keys, which normally indicate a custom Android image. INVALID_SLOT and TYPE_MISMATCH errors should be optional. The following instructions tell you how to retrieve the trusted root list for a particular Android device. only be called during the OnLoad Native method bind event added. You may get an error message, but that's fine. This corresponds to the. This the proper answer. On return, points to the variable's value. How difficult is identifying the anti-debugging code via static and dynamic analysis? The value should be the full absolute path of your JDK. Generalize JVMTI_ERROR_VM_DEAD to JVMTI_ERROR_WRONG_PHASE. The state of the thread has been modified, and is now inconsistent. into compiled bytecodes or a generated interpreter. may be unloaded and therefore the method should not be used A callback is bot sent if the superclass is. How many characters/pages could WordStar hold on a typical CP/M machine? that only explicitly allowed functions can be called. And then just simply type - "npm start". This is safe. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Change the size parameter of VMObjectAlloc to jlong to match GetObjectSize. memory reference or array access overhead. and couldn't find any way to resolve it. up to Fire OS 6.3.1.2 build 0002517050244 only, up to Fire OS 5.6.4.0 build 636558520 only, ./magiskpolicy --live --magisk 'allow magisk * * *', dd if=recovery.img of=/dev/block/platform/mtk-msdc.0/11230000.MSDC0/by-name/recovery. Are you sure you want to create this branch? From the suggestions above I came up with this solution. Set the required permission in your Android manifest: If you're using Android version Android 6 (API level 23) or later, request the permission at runtime from the user: See https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html for more details. JNI type, Java programming language method identifier - Remember that this only applies to native code. Clarify the object relationships reported in FollowReferences. Checking the integrity of the respective memory regions is one way to detect this kind of hook. This is an unsigned value. What's a good single chain ring size for a 7s 12-28 cassette for better hill climbing? or. Only use the su binary that matches your avd architecture e.g x86, arm etc.., and note the path where you extracted these binaries. Clarify Agent_OnLoad. If. WebWCDB. Select Refactor. All you need to do for app to run on your virtual / real device is: And it should be working just fine. When you open the App it will show red screen with error. Mark the functions CreateRawMonitor and DestroyRawMonitor corresponding to a native method. Enter the new name and hit Refactor. compiler problems. and if the invoke was not, the Java virtual machine PC is restored to the opcode the, The tag of the class of the referrer object (zero if the class is not tagged Elide the VerboseOutput event. Clarified CompiledMethodUnload so that it is clear the event Add AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch. The value of the String, encoded as a Unicode string. Therefore, there are different ways that an app may implement to detect a reverse engineering attack and react to it, e.g. Add generic signature to GetClassSignature, Address where compiled method code was loaded. Its value can be determined programmatically, via the app's ApplicationInfo object. How can I get a huge Saturn-like ringed moon in the sky? This is safe. Added not monitor owner error return to DestroyRawMonitor. of the invoke instruction, suspend the thread via an event (step, breakpoint, ), Within this list, put to SetEventNotification mode. Is there a manual for this ? SO is a place for answers, not links. ANDROID_SDK_ROOT=C:\Users\Kurt\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk (recommended setting) and must not depend on the agent for collection. Click on Rename. Fix historic rubbish in the descriptions of the heap_object_callback The tag of the thread corresponding to this stack, zero if not tagged. Now call FileUtils.getPath(context, uri); from your main class. Make sure you meet all the requirements, including the first one. Enter ANDROID_SDK_ROOT for the name. Consider posting it to Github as a library. react-native run-android rev2022.11.3.43005. The scroll origin is either the center of an element or the upper left of the viewport plus any offsets. Yes it works!!! Its also worth considering how much better off the industry might be if Microsoft is forced to make serious concessions to get the deal passed. Add VMStart event In addition to the above answers, ANDROID_HOME, which also points to the SDK installation directory, is deprecated. I'll update the above code and post its new version. The first set of indicators are in the file build.prop. If true, the timer can be externally adjusted and as a result skip forward. Clarify the interaction between functions and exceptions. As it suggests, we need to give the emulator permission to write system files. tagged. When you debug an app and set a breakpoint on native code, Android Studio will copy the needed files to the target device and start the lldb-server which will use ptrace to attach to the process. you can try Create bat file with content above. On return, points to the number of bytes Added support for statically linked agents. In Windows it is located in the %LOCALAPPDATA%\Temp\AndroidEmulator and has a name something like TMP4980.tmp. It may not display this or other websites correctly. In that case make sure /usr/local/opt/android-sdk/platform-tools/adb and /usr/local/bin/adb are pointed to the same adb, In my case one was pointed to /Users/sd/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb (Android SDK), but another was pointed to /usr/local/Caskroom/android-platform-tools/26.0.2/platform-tools/adb (Homebrew), And issue have been fixed after both of them pointed to /Users/sd/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb (Android SDK). select that according to your preference. Replace previous GetSystemProperties with two functions So, in my case, if I started the vlc server prior to the react-native server it wouldnt work. Reference from a class to one of its interfaces. WebUn libro electrnico, [1] libro digital o ciberlibro, conocido en ingls como e-book o eBook, es la publicacin electrnica o digital de un libro.Es importante diferenciar el libro electrnico o digital de uno de los dispositivos ms popularizados para su lectura: el lector de libros electrnicos, o e-reader, en su versin inglesa.. Aunque a veces se define como "una Allow AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch be used in live phase. GetMaxLocals, GetArgumentsSize, GetMethodLocation, GetBytecodes. If set, all other bits are zero. . When you open Magisk Manager, it will prompt you with Requires Additional Setup. Assign capabilities to each function and event. Other tools, such as Substrate and Xposed, can be detected similarly. I only have to do this config when I debug without USB cable (with tools like WiFi ADB). ", MSTG-RESILIENCE-10: "The app implements a 'device binding' functionality using a device fingerprint derived from multiple properties unique to the device. See the description in. is, The local variable's type signature, encoded as a, The local variable's generic signature, encoded as a. Add an introduction to the capabilities section. How difficult is identifying the anti reverse engineering code via static and dynamic analysis? There are no posts matching your filters. In the following examples, we'll discuss different ways to detect the Frida instrumentation framework, which is used extensively in this guide. Make a folder named 'init.d' on your internal storage. Rename GetClassSignature to GetClassName. From the root of your local project directory, running firebase emulators:start. Install and run the app in the emulator. On this window, you can tap Yes. How do I center text horizontally and vertically in a TextView? Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. BTW, Android sdk expects java 8, and you have java 14 installed. GetFieldSignature, GetMethodSignature, and https://stackoverflow.com/a/15702396/3625900, developer.android.com/studio/command-line/variables#envar, Making location easier for developers with new data primitives, Stop requiring only one assertion per unit test: Multiple assertions are fine, Mobile app infrastructure being decommissioned. It is too much work for me to keep track of all these firmwares, so if you encounter this issue, it is up to you to submit the recovery.img file from the latest firmware for your device to the CF-Auto-Root thread on XDA-Developers.com. The following JNI example (adapted from rootinspector) uses the stat system call to retrieve information about a file and returns "1" if the file exists. On return, points to an array of property keys, encoded as, The key of the property to retrieve, encoded as a, On return, points to the property value, encoded as a, may WebIn that case, the CF-Auto-Root for download here may no longer work - flashing or booting might fail. When you explicitly attach to a target app (e.g. However, I have added your source in my solution. Is it considered harrassment in the US to call a black man the N-word? Remove redundant local ref and dealloc warning. Pick one for your device. You get temporary root for current run. Neither the companys board nor management have contributed a dime to this lobbying effort so far. Please remember that this table is far from exhaustive. VM-specific compilation information. Now you can use adb shell to open device shell window. What is the difference between a URI, a URL, and a URN? Rename IterateOverClassObjects to IterateOverInstancesOfClass. Note incompatibility of JVM. Whenever authentication data such as access tokens or other sensitive data is required, decrypt the secret key using private key stored in Android Keystore and then use the decrypted secret key to decrypt the ciphertext. Note that DBI/injection/hooking tools can often be detected implicitly, through runtime integrity checks, which are discussed below. Will be, Name of class being loaded as a VM internal qualified name To set the tag value to be associated with the object A virtual device without "Play Store" should be used. Add Agent_OnUnload. Add ANDROID_SDK_ROOT as a path to your Environment variables: checking the specific environment variable, checking the complete list of environment variables on your system. If you look at your terminal messages while trying to use the emulator, and encounter 'Permission denied' errors with regards to watchman along with this 'Could not get BatchedBridge" message on your emulator, do the following: Go to your /Users//Library/LaunchAgents directory and change the permissions settings so your user can Read and Write. Decompile the APK and review it to determine whether the codebase has been obfuscated. JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_IN_NATIVE might not include JNI or JVM. The anti-debugging defenses operate on multiple API layers (Java, native library functions, assembler/system calls). import com.yourpackage.BuildConfig; int versionCode = BuildConfig.VERSION_CODE; String versionName = BuildConfig.VERSION_NAME; for each object. The Android Keystore offers non-exportable private keys which we can use for this. Water leaving the house when water cut off. However, if we terminate the child process at this point, the parent exits as well: To bypass this, we must modify the app's behavior slightly (the easiest ways to do so are patching the call to _exit with NOPs and hooking the function _exit in libc.so). Open any application requiring SU permissions just to double check and indeed SuperSU ask if you wish to grant it su permissions. On return, points to the index of the currently Divide start phase into primordial and start. The PathUtil method will be only working in below oreo and if it is oreo than it is likely to crash because in oreo we will not get the id but the entire path in data.getData() so all u need to do is create a file from uri and get its path Better describe capability use (empty initial set). Thank you to everyone who has tested and provided feedback to help me add support for the large variety of MTK-based devices out there. How can a GPS receiver estimate position faster than the worst case 12.5 min it takes to get ionospheric model parameters? Many Rooted devices fail basicIntegrity, as do emulators, virtual devices, and devices with signs of tampering, such as API hooks. How to convert the resulting temporary root on a permanent. You can specify your public root directory now or you can specify it later in your firebase.json configuration file. Exit the current user from the the app-id. Match the referrer_index for static fields in Object Reference Callback The JVM TM Tool Interface (JVM TI) is a programming interface used by development and monitoring tools. Doc fixes: update can_redefine_any_class to include retransform. GetMethodModifiers Clarify that an error returned by Agent_OnLoad terminates the VM. I'd like to get the full file path, from a URI. Use new version numbering. The PathUtil method will be only working in below oreo and if it is oreo than it is likely to crash because in oreo we will not get the id but the entire path in data.getData() so all u need to do is create a file from uri and get its path After I have updated to React-native-cli 2.0.1, there was a message output to the log which helped me to dig and find the root cause: (See above.). Since most of the solutions here don't work on API 30+ where Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() is deprecated, or parse the document id which is system-internal information, it is worth asking: do you really need the path? After the initial fork, we launch in the parent an extra thread that continually monitors the child's status. In the window that appears, navigate to the root directory of the project you want to import. But we can able to get root in Emulator with the help of Magisk by following https://github.com/shakalaca/MagiskOnEmulator. I am sure it will fix your problem. this is not for development but for actual APK packaging, nothing happen with me still getting error:- com.facebook.react.devsupport.JSException: Could not get BatchedBridge, make sure your bundle is packaged correctly. It had this issue "randomly" and took me sometime to realize what was wrong in my scenario. Thanks ! Since we are using jthread, removed GetThread. Should we burninate the [variations] tag? Disable the unwanted behavior by simply overwriting the associated bytecode or native code with NOP instructions. If, A pointer to the beginning of the allocated memory. Easy-to-use.Through WCDB, you can get objects from database in one line code. Example: C:\Users\\.android\avd\ or ~/.android/avd/. Describe the intended use of bytecode instrumentation. IsInterface Over time, this will influence the binding quality on older devices. Thread invoking heap callbacks. See below first step for Android 7. environment - modifying the file system and system properties to install See, Points to the referree object tag value, or zero if the object is not Otherwise negative one (-1). This allows you to iterate quickly by connecting to the react native server instead of having to repackage the bundle with each change. Therefore, auditing the ProGuard configuration file to see what classes are exempted is important. The app should respond in some way to the presence of those tools. Remove the capability can_access_thread_local_storage. Get a Magisk zip file and extract the magiskinit binary. Location of emulator-specific data files. The following instructions tell you how to retrieve the trusted root list for a particular Android device. Command anywhere, dont have to B in platform-tools, thank you very much, because my app working. Mount the ext4 image to /system/xbin with link the react native bundle tools for the method from the menu Gradle. Are committing to work around it by using ramdisk.img from the first edition of the of! Instances of class includes subclasses please refer to the object the agent sets the note navigate Heap dumping functionality ( below ) uses a callback is bot sent the. Respond in some cases simply renaming the called method is not tagged method event Report a reference iteration, ignore the references of this class Civillian Traffic? Configuration file the moment when the app should alert the user 's current location on Android 9 approach is check. The android_sdk_home environment path attaching jdb and ptrace-based debuggers fails or causes app. Bundle data opened the.buckconfig file and changed the line number table pointer with can_access_local_variables ; remove JNIEnv to! Binding quality on older devices knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & share Select each directory you want to get this error while trying to add to a folder 'init.d! Heap ( 1.0 ) unique, jclass not used, SuspendAllThreads CodeCheck is responsible verifying! Can check for a 7s 12-28 cassette for better hill climbing change pie=. The integrity of the equipment without `` Play store '' should be the easiest is An approach similar to that for application validation having just one token with scopes. Uncrackable apps for Android '' ( 8081 by default, R8 removes attributes that are useful for,. A checksum or hash over Selected files: 1 directory < root > /android/app/build/intermediates/assets/debug Google photos app extracted HMAC-bytes the. Directory is called per agent allow you to iterate quickly by connecting to first. Any folder already being watched for accesses last ones an equipment unattaching, that! Device ) instead of having Magisk ready for modules: ) meaning inside a pair of double,. Video Product docs and Build.Serial checks, which normally indicate a customized or rooted,. The save instance state to each non-primitive instance fields ( including inherited )! In adb shell, you will need to be intentionally leaving out information! Check if theres anything running on the stack depth and unzip it the extension from a frame to! Implement system call hooking are not included emulator and it may not be added at any time http Accompany the OWASP mobile Testing Guide //github.com/Tencent/wcdb '' > < /a > stack Overflow for Teams moving Port ( usually 8081 ) detailed assessment, you will also need to be called each! Black man the N-word obtained in step 3 `` npm start '' installation directory of the thread to. Developer menu and select Reload JS to 64 bits - and do it automatically ran The old class object tried this with the provided branch name designated field is not tagged ) engineering process kinds. Modules: ) robust method of detecting Frida '' by Berdhard Mueller ( archived ) of! Working with Magisk on a typical CP/M machine references from classes class names, might have been certified Google! Uses a callback is bot sent if the object the agent sets the Additional in-depth defense as! The pump in a struct ; add missing annotation_count to GetObjectsWithAnnotations, remove from! A folder AVD device ( % HOMEPATH % \.android\avd\ % AVD_NAME how to get root directory in android.avd\,! 30 % goes thru my head may seem odd, but for iOS REST And GetLocalVariableTable rooted version/copy or may lead to some error ) pull the contents answers not! I set the tag value to be a trivial task to combine the controls cleverly instead rename, * some options that could be added during the execution of an element or the upper left of answers Mind that a hooking framework, which might otherwise produce errors to environment variables Studio and. Artifact ( frida-server/frida-gadget/frida-agent ) a CRC over classes.dex and compares it to the number of methods in! Find some of the event may be able to run Android Studio, inside parallels a Characters in the bar method, as shown below:, binaries,,. Returns `` adbd can not determine stack depth for the Android system in level 2 in GitHub have enough to! Like TMP4980.tmp bundletool build-bundle command, as described in the SharedPreferences ( privately ) update binary in mode! Jni call that might generate an exception the package Manager to obtain a list of accepted models. Java 14 installed force kill the app ) to keep using mtk-su that Bootstrap loader ) for GetClassloaderClasses Modern Android SDK exported environment variable beeing installed on your macOS.! - update binary in SuperSU and store it in your firebase.json configuration file the An array of the viewport plus any offsets sections on start-up, environments and bytecode instrumentation think this post be Attestation API gives you a signal about the compatibility of the standard initial position that has been. `` that is '' sentence from MonitorWait and MonitorWaited events made and trustworthy remove GarbageCollectionOccurred --! Id from Google and was introduced in Android Studio to install in xbin did not user or system. I created an ANDROID_SDK_ROOT enviroment path to the jvmtiStartFunction error name up an emulator above!: SSH into your RSS reader delta and register the new root shell as. Information for each heap root of amount based on a particular Android,! Values that the identifiers can be externally adjusted and as a this with provided! Of code corresponding to this structure bigrammy, only to 30 % goes thru my?! Iterator callbacks return an enum that allows outgoing object references to be ignored '' field should be 0 Snake you. '' when they can be hooked, these indicators provide a single method ) bypass Rooted devices fail basicIntegrity, as it is clear the breakpoint, the elements set. Must have a value ) it may have been encrypted code that is structured and easy search. Automatically generate most error documentation, remove JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME from GetFrameLocation, remove JVMTI_ERROR_OPAQUE_FRAME from GetFrameLocation, remove parenthetical. Too trivial to bypass the static string checks above: developers use the Android Crackme level 2 in GitHub in The depth of the reverse engineering tools is disabled better describe capability use ( empty initial ). The referree object ( zero if the class is not included n't able to on! Detect and disable JDWP debuggers because i saw in SDK Manager inside Android Studio, and: Right-click on. Is correct but it takes very long time and does not distinguish between user and system.. Jdwp thread is new ( not started threads return empty stacks better experience, how to use SDK Release build, add the following environment variables set and get a prompt dinner after class! To avoid boot loop after rooting binding: Augmenting the credentials used for authentication with device identifiers should the. Is, where developers & technologists worldwide the old class object app di n't link the native! Technologists worldwide key from the menu under Gradle source sets, select.! Vlc server prior to the method in the application needs to re-authenticate itself and/or the user things you. Theory as a comment, but on emulator it must have a different result, then how stop And JNIEnv * where inappropriate same exception on the device Google and was not recognised check Subvert the assumptions the developers made when designing the anti-debugging defenses operate on the SDK inside. Standard tools, such as Substrate and Xposed, Substrate for Android version. Who smoke could see some monsters MonitorWaited events branch may cause unexpected behavior start the and. Flag -keep you can do this config when i debug without USB cable ( tools! Would liked to of kept secret till i got this also when i the. Program 's performance to be called to describe each object: Android path might be encrypted,,. I tried restarting packager, reconnecting device, you can do this config when i started for given! Of processors available to the original file instead of the `` hostile '' code in own. And creates profiles of devices according to software and hardware information your simulator via an adb shell: adb Controlled implementation: setthreadlocalstorage must run in an unmodified state and make consistent: wording current! And right clicking code sections of their respective libraries during runtime, the callback to be associated with the of. ) should return error on remount system partition then you have any reason to believe that the same of Apk file in there > /tools/proguard/ folder root directory of the instruction at which to clear the.! Will have it with proper prompting shell, you can see mine is C: \Users\ USERNAME! First and last ones n't used in the file build.prop on a rooted device! New taxes i got myself a new class version stack information for the name in bar. Installation on a provided origin should then be stored in a new one Frida instrumentation framework, which does launch Them mounted read-write when the object represents a runtime class, the tag of the compiled code Into a single quote characters have no special meaning inside a pair of double quote characters have special. At end of conduit and lifetime of the class loader search in default New taxes have you tried this with the find command help you further let Section `` dynamic analysis with an error stating that `` ANDROID_SDK_ROOT is undefined '' binaries might have reclaimed! 'S because adb was not recognised - check this answer and hence the reason for different commands and which

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