Morse W.H. Generalising is the process of seeing through the particular by not dwelling on the particularities but rather stressing the relationships. Accessed 3 Nov. 2022. [6], There are both similarities and differences between the terms "stimulus generalization" and "generality of a functional relationship." Expounding o. The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time,. Experts say too little or too much mucus can result in illness, but the sweeping. mining engineering rmit citrate molecular weight ecc company dubai job openings dead by daylight iridescent shards farming. Send us feedback. We can be J in our B. Summary. The naturalization of sunlight helps our bodies to stay awake a types of logic in philosophy 02 Nov. types of logic in philosophy. That responses occur to X about the same as to Z is irrelevant; rather, that distributed practice helps in learning nonsense syllables and in learning other tasks.[6]. High symmetry, or some other simplifying mathematical property, is required if Einstein's equations are to be solved exactly. the quality or state of being general; generalization; a vague or inadequate statement How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe Editor Emily Brewster clarifies the difference. In M.D. Part I: Contributed Papers. The choice of the words "everyone" and "anybody" is irrelevant to the present distinction. A "classical approach" to this question, according to which a more specific concept can be analyzed into genus and specific difference, accounts for only one kind of generality. This 'generality' problem has been a recurrent one in relativistic cosmology from the outset in 1916 when Einstein [1] first proposed a static spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmological model with non-Euclidean spatial geometry in which gravitationally attractive matter is counter-balanced by a positive cosmological constant. In behavioral psychology, the assumption of generality is the assumption that the results of experiments involving schedules of reinforcement, conducted on non-human subjects (often pigeons), can be generalized to apply to humans. 1. The darkness that comes with night tells our body to slow down for the day and get some rest. They come in a variety of syntactic categories in English, but determiners like "all", "each", "some", "many", "most", and "few" provide some of the most common examples of quantification. University of Pittsburgh Department of Philosophy 1017 Cathedral of Learning Pittsburgh, PA 15260. Frege's Foundations of Arithmetic is celebrated as the first formulation and defense of the philosophy of arithmetic known as logicism: the thesis that arithmetic is a branch of logic.The work is noted for its masterful deployment of polemics against earlier views, its centrality to the analytic tradition, and since Frege's Conception of Numbers as Objects (Wright 1983) it has been . d. Soc. delle Scienza,. [6], "Generality" refers more to functional relationships than individual events. In the penultimate section this entry will discuss Kit Fine's (2020) holistic challenge to the logical possibility of a borderline case. To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org [5], The ability to generalize information from one situation to another is a function of several factors: the reliability of the original information; the paradigm's validity; one's understanding of the paradigm, the true determinants of the behavior, and the relevant details of the situations in question; and the similarity between the original source of the data and the situation to which it is to be applied. Mem. (1979) Determinants of human operant behavior. In behavioral psychology, the assumption of generality is the assumption that the results of experiments involving schedules of reinforcement, conducted on non-human subjects (often pigeons), can be generalized to apply to humans. This is because strength and conditioning is necessarily general and necessarily indirect. A belief earns the status of "justified" if it is produced by a process (or series of processes) that has a high truth-ratio. Comparison with Ambiguity and Generality 3. on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. [4], Fergus Lowe has questioned the generality of schedule effects in cases of fixed-interval performance among humans and non-humans. The equations of general relativity and its extensions are mathematically complicated and their general coordinate covariance offers special challenges to anyone seeking exact solutions or conducting numerical simulations. "useRatesEcommerce": false, Rather, philosophy has two major contributions to make to cognitive science: generality and normativity. (1966). Has data issue: true But it is not universal, because it refers to a particular person (Miranda). Experiments have been done to test inescapability and insolubility. Analogies have a related (and not entirely separable) justificatory role. "shouldUseHypothesis": true, By contrast in an Abelian theory, like electromagnetism, the photon does not possess the electric charge that it mediates. This paper develops some respects in which the philosophy of mathematics can fruitfully be informed by mathematical practice, through examining Frege's Grundlagen in its historical setting. "Generality of learned helplessness in man.". Generality. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generality. In . It is the totality of states of affairsactual and possiblethat makes up the whole of reality. An argument, as understood in philosophy, is a bitter dispute involving insults and mutual animosity. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Stimulus generalization is the description of the fact that an organism behaves in a similar way to similar stimuli, and that the more different the stimuli, the more different the behavior. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. - 2006 - Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? } The ability to survive comes with generality. Zeiler & P. Harzem (Eds), Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Generality_(psychology)&oldid=959233752, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2007, All Wikipedia articles needing clarification, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 May 2020, at 19:16. General Philosophy A series of lectures delivered by Peter Millican to first-year philosophy students at the University of Oxford. Ongoing appraisals of generality in architecture have largely referenced theories in natural philosophy as well as generic and normative structures, criticised as formalistic and dull. Hjek (2018) examines analogy as a heuristic tool in philosophy. 1. is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings Zeiler & P. Harzem (Eds), http://www.jsu.edu/depart/psychology/sebac/fac-sch/rm/Ch5-2.html, https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Philosophy:Generality_(psychology)&oldid=466034. No matter how specific you strive to make your S&C, it will always be a (very) distant second to your sport practice in this regard. This role is most obvious where an analogical argument is explicitly offered in support of some conclusion. [6], "Generality" refers more to functional relationships than individual events. Fax: 850 644-3832 . @kindle.com emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply. [1][2][3] If the assumption holds, many aspects of daily human life can be understood in terms of these results. In W.K. of your Kindle email address below. Knowers on my approach are those who will have gone to such extra intellectual lengths. please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. "useSa": true Honig (ed.). Intermittent reinforcement. The last three decades have witnessed a shift of focus from laws to mechanisms in the philosophy of science (Bechtel & Richardson, 1993; Machamer et al., 2000; Darden, 2006; Craver, 2007; Bechtel & Abrahamsen, 2010; Glennan, 2017).One driving force for this move was due to the recognition that scientific explanations in the special sciences, biology and neuroscience for example, do not always . General solutions are out of reach. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'generality.' While an 'instance-based explanation' proceeds via some or all instances of the generalization, a 'generic explanation' is independent of the instances, relying instead on completely general facts about the properties or operations involved in the generalization. 15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1. This solution turned out to be unstable [26]. The problem of absolute generality has attracted much attention in recent philosophy. [1] So, first philosophy is ontohenochronal phenomenology, or let's just call it metaphysics for short. @free.kindle.com emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity. (1966). Generality, Complexity, and Explanation. In the period 19671980 there was considerable interest in determining whether the observed isotropy of the microwave background radiation could be explained because it appeared to be an unstable property of expanding universes [10, 11]. Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service. Subsequently, the appearance of an apparent beginning and end to simple expanding-universe solutions led to a long debate over whether these features were also unstable artefacts of high symmetry or special choices of matter in the known cosmological solutions, as Einstein thought possible. Heidegger, however, is very clear. Hiroto, Donald S.; Seligman, Martin E. (1975). Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Absolute generality In philosophical logic, metaphysics, and the philosophy of language, the problem of absolute generality is the problem of referring to absolutely everything. Two types of explanation can be distinguished. The entry concludes with the issue of whether all vagueness is linguistic. A daily challenge for crossword fanatics. Without further ado, Singers summertime, easy-breezy closet staples, below: The Belted Polo Dress Belted and with a flattering silhouette (specificity up top, Gouzel had to maintain a balancing act between specificity and, Without that lovely little adjective, the wheelbarrow might simply be a bland, Post the Definition of generality to Facebook, Share the Definition of generality on Twitter, 'Dunderhead' and Other Nicer Ways to Say Stupid, 'Pride': The Word That Went From Vice to Strength. [6], There are both similarities and differences between the terms "stimulus generalization" and "generality of a functional relationship." The subjective spirit is a concept from the philosophy of Hegel, and this consideration is in a certain sense the completion of a Hegelian dialectic process. To save content items to your account, so-called "generality constraint"), which invertebrates (together with most other animals) would turn out to fail. Ital. The premises and the conclusion must be declarative sentences, and the goal is for the premises to provide reasons that establish the conclusion. Tallahassee, FL 32306 . As Evans puts it, "The thought that John is happy has something in common with the thought that Harry is happy, and the thought that John is happy has something in common with the thought that John is sad" (1982, p. 100). Relationships and structures in mathematics can be generalised and thus connected. Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. 18 April 2017. The use of the term "concept" in philosophy is systematically ambiguous (Laurence and Margolis [2007]). Logic and Philosophy of Logic; Philosophy of Biology; Philosophy of Cognitive Science; Philosophy of Computing and Information; Philosophy of Mathematics; Philosophy of Physical Science; Philosophy of Social Science; Philosophy of Probability; General Philosophy of Science; Philosophy of Science, Misc; History of Western Philosophy. 3. The generality of a finding refers to the degree to which a functional relationship obtained in one situation is able to predict the obtained relationship in a new situation. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive. The first sections of the paper are devoted to elaborating some aspects of nineteenth century mathematics which informed Frege's early work. Hostname: page-component-6f888f4d6d-8p2l5 J is linear. "displayNetworkMapGraph": false, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. The naturalization of sunlight helps our bodies to stay awake and keep motivated. The Philosophical Challenge Posed by Vagueness 4. An argument, as understood in logic and philosophy, has two parts: the premises and the conclusion. Published online by Cambridge University Press: 3. Department of Philosophy . Morse W.H. Definitions of generality noun the quality of being general or widespread or having general applicability see more noun an idea or conclusion having general application "he spoke in broad generalities " synonyms: generalisation, generalization see more [2], Philosophers who deny the possibility of absolutely unrestricted quantification (often called generality relativists) argue that attempting to speak absolutely generally generates paradoxes such as Russell's or Grelling's, that absolute generality leads to indeterminacy due to the LwenheimSkolem theorem, or that absolute generality fails because the notion of "object" is relative. He says that the what is determined by the how, so too for these universals . Mother of eight makes a hole in one. The generality problem for reliabilism is the problem of determining, for any given belief, which belief-forming process type is relevant for justification-determining purposes. [5], The ability to generalize information from one situation to another is a function of several factors: the reliability of the original information; the paradigm's validity; one's understanding of the paradigm, the true determinants of the behavior, and the relevant details of the situations in question; and the similarity between the original source of the data and the situation to which it is to be applied. ABSTRACT. Delivered to your inbox! mbishop@fsu.edu. Four Types of Conceptual Generality, by Christian Martin This paper deals with different ways in which a general concept might relate to more specific ones. Share Improve this answer Follow edited Jan 27, 2017 at 19:24 Generalising is moving from specific examples to speculating and expressing wider patterns in mathematics. The naturalization of sunlight helps our bodies to stay awake and keep motivated. Philosophy of Science, Volume 74, Issue 5: Proceedings of the 2006 Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association. "shouldUseShareProductTool": true, [1] [2] [3] If the assumption holds, many aspects of daily human life can be understood in terms of these results. Total loading time: 0.55 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'. This paper develops some respects in which the philosophy of mathematics can fruitfully be informed by mathematical practice, through examining Frege's Grundlagen in its historical setting. Generality. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. "isUnsiloEnabled": true, [1][2][3] If the assumption holds, many aspects of daily human life can be understood in terms of these results.
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